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George Washington-class submarine
The ''George Washington'' class was a class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines deployed by the United States Navy. The ''George Washington'', along with the later , , , and classes comprised the "41 for Freedom" group of submarines that represented the Navy's main contribution to the nuclear deterrent force through the late 1980s.
==Development==
The commissioning of ''George Washington'' on 30 December 1959, the first submarine Polaris launch on 20 July 1960, and her first deterrent patrol November 1960-January 1961 were the culmination of four years of intense effort. The Navy initially worked on a sea-based variant of the US Army Jupiter intermediate-range ballistic missile, projecting four of the large, liquid-fueled missiles per submarine.〔Friedman, pp. 192-195〕 Rear Admiral W. F. "Red" Raborn was appointed by Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Arleigh Burke to head a Special Project Office to develop Jupiter for the Navy, beginning in late 1955.〔〔(History of the Jupiter Missile, pp. 23-35 )〕 However, at the Project Nobska submarine warfare conference in 1956, physicist Edward Teller stated that a physically small one-megaton warhead could be produced for the relatively small, solid-fueled Polaris missile, and this prompted the Navy to leave the Jupiter program in December of that year. Soon Admiral Burke concentrated all Navy strategic research on Polaris, still under Admiral Raborn's Special Project Office.〔 The problems of submerged launch, designing a submarine for 16 missiles, precise navigation for accurate missile targeting, and numerous others were all solved quickly.〔Friedman, pp. 193-199〕 By comparison, the contemporary Soviet Golf- and Hotel-class ballistic missile submarines only carried three missiles each; the Soviets did not commission an SSBN comparable to the ''George Washington''s until 1967 with the Yankee-class submarines.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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